Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English - until
Связанные словари
Until
until
~ prep, conjunction 1 used to say that something stops happening or someone stops doing something at a particular time or when something else happens; till1 (Gary was working for IBM until 1969, when he got a job at Sperry. | Black people were denied the vote in the US until well into the 1950s. | up until) (This ticket is valid up until the 12th of March.) 2 used to say that you should stop travelling at a particular place (Stay on the train until Birmingham, and then change for Peterborough.)
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1.
Frequency: The word is one of the 700 most common words in English. 1. If something happens until a particular time, it happens during the period before that time and stops at that time. Until 1971, he was a high-ranking official in the Central Communist Committee. ...consumers who have waited until after the Christmas holiday to do that holiday shopping. = till PREP: PREP n/prep • Until is also a conjunction. I waited until it got dark... Stir with a metal spoon until the sugar has dissolved. = till CONJ 2. You use until with a negative to emphasize the moment in time after which the rest of your statement becomes true, or the condition which would make it true. The traffic laws don’t take effect until the end of the year... It was not until 1911 that the first of the vitamins was identified. = till PREP: PREP after neg • Until is also a conjunction. The EU will not lift its sanctions until that country makes political changes. = till CONJ: CONJ after neg 3. up until: see up ...Collins COBUILD Advanced Learner's English Dictionary
2.
I. preposition Etymology: Middle English, from un- (probably from Old Norse *und up to; akin to Old Norse unz up to, ~, Old High German unt, Old English ende end) + til, till till Date: 13th century 1. chiefly Scottish to 2. — used as a function word to indicate continuance (as of an action or condition) to a specified time stayed ~ morning 3. before 2 not available ~ tomorrow we don't open ~ ten II. conjunction Date: 14th century up to the time that ; up to such time as play continued ~ it got dark never able to relax ~ he took up fishing ran ~ she was breathless ...Merriam-Webster Collegiate Dictionary
3.
prep. & conj. = TILL(1). Usage Used esp. when beginning a sentence and in formal style, e.g. until you told me, I had no idea; he resided there until his decease. Etymology: orig. northern ME untill f. ON und as far as + TILL(1) ...Толковый словарь английского языка Oxford English Reference
4.
1) впредь до 2) до тех пор 3) кончая 4) пока не until further advised — впредь до особых указаний until further notice — впредь до дальнейшего уведомления - live until - until advised - until now - until recently ...Англо-русский Русско-английский научно-технический словарь
5.
1. указывает на: момент, вплоть до которого совершается действие до it rained until four o'click —- дождь шел до четырех часов the exhibition is open until June 30 —- выставка открыта до 30-го июня 2. указывает на: момент, вплоть до которого действие не совершалось или не будет совершаться (после отрицаний и слов barely, scarcely и т. п.) до I had barely heard of him until that evening —- до этого вечера я почти не слышал о нем the show doesn't begin until nine o'clock —- спектакль начинается только в девять часов it is not available until tomorrow —- получить это можно не раньше завтрашнего дня 3. вводит придаточные предложения и обстоятельственные обороты, указывающие на 4. указывает на: момент, вплоть до которого совершается действие (до тех пор) пока (не) not until —- пока не they worked until it got dark —- они работали до темноты he walked slowly until he was out of sight —- он шел медленно, пока не скрылся из виду 5. момент, вплоть до которого действие не совершалось и не будет совершаться после того как; прежде чем; преим. в предложениях с отрицанием he did not arrive until the concert was over —- он пришел (только) после того, как концерт окончился he didn't reach the station until after the train had left —- он пришел на станцию уже после того, как поезд ушел it wasn't long until we heard the front door open —- прошло...Новый большой англо-русский словарь
Англо-русский словарь
7.
- c.1200, from O.N. und "as far as, up to" + till "until, up to" (see till). Originally also used of persons and places. ...Английский Этимологический словарь
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